Note 17. Segment Reporting
We manufacture and market primarily snack food and beverage products, including biscuits (cookies, crackers and salted snacks), chocolate, gum & candy, coffee & powdered beverages and various cheese & grocery products. We manage our global business and report operating results through geographic units.
Effective January 1, 2013, we reorganized our operations and management into five reportable operating segments:
• | Latin America |
• | Asia Pacific |
• | EEMEA |
• | Europe |
• | North America |
We changed and flattened our operating structure to reflect our greater concentration of operations in high-growth emerging markets and to further enhance collaboration across regions, expedite decision making and drive greater efficiencies to fuel our growth. We have presented our segment results reflecting the changes for all periods presented.
We manage the operations within Latin America, Asia Pacific and EEMEA by location and Europe and North America by product category.
We use segment operating income to evaluate segment performance and allocate resources. We believe it is appropriate to disclose this measure to help investors analyze segment performance and trends. Coincident with the change in reportable segment structure, segment operating income for our North America region also changed to include all U.S. pension plan expenses, a portion of which was previously excluded from segment operating results evaluated by management as the costs were centrally managed. Segment operating income excludes unrealized gains and losses on hedging activities (which are a component of cost of sales), general corporate expenses (which are a component of selling, general and administrative expenses), amortization of intangibles, the benefit from the Cadbury acquisition-related indemnification resolution (which is a component of selling, general and administrative expenses), gains and losses on divestitures and acquisitions and acquisition-related costs (which are a component of selling, general and administrative expenses) in all periods presented. We exclude the unrealized gains and losses on hedging activities, general corporate expenses, amortization of intangibles, the benefit from the Cadbury acquisition-related indemnification resolution, gains and losses on divestitures and acquisitions and acquisition-related costs from segment operating income in order to provide better transparency of our segment operating results. Furthermore, we centrally manage interest and other expense, net. Accordingly, we do not present these items by segment because they are excluded from the segment profitability measure that management reviews. We use the same accounting policies for the segments as those described in Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.
Our segment net revenues and earnings were:
For the Years Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||
(in millions) | ||||||||||||
Net revenues: |
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Latin America |
$ | 5,382 | $ | 5,396 | $ | 5,403 | ||||||
Asia Pacific |
4,952 | 5,164 | 4,864 | |||||||||
EEMEA |
3,915 | 3,735 | 3,836 | |||||||||
Europe |
14,059 | 13,817 | 14,874 | |||||||||
North America |
6,991 | 6,903 | 6,833 | |||||||||
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Net revenues |
$ | 35,299 | $ | 35,015 | $ | 35,810 | ||||||
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For the Years Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||
(in millions) | ||||||||||||
Earnings from continuing operations before income taxes: |
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Operating income: |
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Latin America |
$ | 570 | $ | 769 | $ | 759 | ||||||
Asia Pacific |
512 | 657 | 682 | |||||||||
EEMEA |
379 | 506 | 433 | |||||||||
Europe |
1,699 | 1,762 | 1,586 | |||||||||
North America |
889 | 781 | 787 | |||||||||
Unrealized gains / (losses) on hedging activities |
62 | 1 | (36 | ) | ||||||||
General corporate expenses |
(287 | ) | (728 | ) | (488 | ) | ||||||
Amortization of intangibles |
(217 | ) | (217 | ) | (225 | ) | ||||||
Benefit from indemnification resolution |
336 | – | – | |||||||||
Gains on acquisition and divestitures, net |
30 | 107 | – | |||||||||
Acquisition-related costs |
(2 | ) | (1 | ) | – | |||||||
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Operating income |
3,971 | 3,637 | 3,498 | |||||||||
Interest and other expense, net |
(1,579 | ) | (1,863 | ) | (1,618 | ) | ||||||
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Earnings from continuing operations before income taxes |
$ | 2,392 | $ | 1,774 | $ | 1,880 | ||||||
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No single customer accounted for 10% or more of our net revenues from continuing operations in 2013. Our five largest customers accounted for 15.0% and our ten largest customers accounted for 21.6% of net revenues from continuing operations in 2013.
Items impacting our segment operating results are discussed in Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, including the Venezuelan currency devaluation, Note 2, Divestitures and Acquisition, Note 5, Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Note 6, 2012-2014 Restructuring Program, and Note 7, Integration Program and Cost Saving Initiatives.
Total assets, depreciation expense and capital expenditures by segment were:
As of December 31, | ||||||||
2013 | 2012 | |||||||
(in millions) | ||||||||
Total assets: |
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Latin America |
$ | 6,860 | $ | 7,018 | ||||
Asia Pacific |
9,032 | 9,748 | ||||||
EEMEA |
7,045 | 7,105 | ||||||
Europe |
27,599 | 27,513 | ||||||
North America |
21,723 | 22,158 | ||||||
Unallocated assets (1) |
298 | 1,935 | ||||||
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Total assets |
$ | 72,557 | $ | 75,477 | ||||
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(1) | Unallocated assets consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, deferred income taxes, centrally held property, plant and equipment, prepaid pension assets and derivative financial instrument balances. |
For the Years Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||
(in millions) | ||||||||||||
Depreciation expense: |
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Latin America |
$ | 107 | $ | 98 | $ | 105 | ||||||
Asia Pacific |
107 | 100 | 99 | |||||||||
EEMEA |
88 | 77 | 90 | |||||||||
Europe |
359 | 368 | 397 | |||||||||
North America |
199 | 224 | 205 | |||||||||
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Total – continuing operations |
860 | 867 | 896 | |||||||||
Discontinued operations |
– | 261 | 364 | |||||||||
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Total depreciation expense |
$ | 860 | $ | 1,128 | $ | 1,260 | ||||||
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For the Years Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||
(in millions) | ||||||||||||
Capital Expenditures: |
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Latin America |
$ | 412 | $ | 220 | $ | 262 | ||||||
Asia Pacific |
268 | 250 | 195 | |||||||||
EEMEA |
254 | 227 | 191 | |||||||||
Europe |
478 | 414 | 443 | |||||||||
North America |
210 | 217 | 279 | |||||||||
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Total – continuing operations |
1,622 | 1,328 | 1,370 | |||||||||
Discontinued operations |
– | 282 | 401 | |||||||||
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Total capital expenditures |
$ | 1,622 | $ | 1,610 | $ | 1,771 | ||||||
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Net revenues by consumer sector were:
For the Year Ended December 31, 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Latin | Asia | North | ||||||||||||||||||||||
America | Pacific | EEMEA | Europe | America | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Biscuits |
$ | 1,287 | $ | 1,311 | $ | 678 | $ | 2,990 | $ | 5,406 | $ | 11,672 | ||||||||||||
Chocolate |
1,143 | 1,632 | 1,180 | 5,385 | 325 | 9,665 | ||||||||||||||||||
Gum & Candy |
1,380 | 849 | 673 | 968 | 1,187 | 5,057 | ||||||||||||||||||
Beverages |
907 | 470 | 1,113 | 3,340 | – | 5,830 | ||||||||||||||||||
Cheese & Grocery |
665 | 690 | 271 | 1,376 | 73 | 3,075 | ||||||||||||||||||
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Total net revenues |
$ | 5,382 | $ | 4,952 | $ | 3,915 | $ | 14,059 | $ | 6,991 | $ | 35,299 | ||||||||||||
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For the Year Ended December 31, 2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Latin | Asia | North | ||||||||||||||||||||||
America | Pacific | EEMEA | Europe | America | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Biscuits |
$ | 1,207 | $ | 1,374 | $ | 595 | $ | 2,761 | $ | 5,212 | $ | 11,149 | ||||||||||||
Chocolate |
1,128 | 1,686 | 1,139 | 5,067 | 336 | 9,356 | ||||||||||||||||||
Gum & Candy |
1,434 | 899 | 726 | 999 | 1,280 | 5,338 | ||||||||||||||||||
Beverages |
953 | 453 | 1,025 | 3,411 | 1 | 5,843 | ||||||||||||||||||
Cheese & Grocery |
674 | 752 | 250 | 1,579 | 74 | 3,329 | ||||||||||||||||||
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Total net revenues |
$ | 5,396 | $ | 5,164 | $ | 3,735 | $ | 13,817 | $ | 6,903 | $ | 35,015 | ||||||||||||
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For the Year Ended December 31, 2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Latin | Asia | North | ||||||||||||||||||||||
America | Pacific | EEMEA | Europe | America | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Biscuits |
$ | 1,175 | $ | 1,223 | $ | 573 | $ | 2,986 | $ | 5,031 | $ | 10,988 | ||||||||||||
Chocolate |
1,096 | 1,614 | 1,231 | 5,272 | 352 | 9,565 | ||||||||||||||||||
Gum & Candy |
1,550 | 914 | 721 | 1,156 | 1,351 | 5,692 | ||||||||||||||||||
Beverages |
960 | 392 | 1,058 | 3,645 | 2 | 6,057 | ||||||||||||||||||
Cheese & Grocery |
622 | 721 | 253 | 1,815 | 97 | 3,508 | ||||||||||||||||||
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Total net revenues |
$ | 5,403 | $ | 4,864 | $ | 3,836 | $ | 14,874 | $ | 6,833 | $ | 35,810 | ||||||||||||
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Geographic data for net revenues and long-lived assets were:
For the Years Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||
(in millions) | ||||||||||||
Net revenues: |
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United States |
$ | 5,965 | $ | 5,974 | $ | 5,848 | ||||||
Other |
29,334 | 29,041 | 29,962 | |||||||||
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Total net revenues |
$ | 35,299 | $ | 35,015 | $ | 35,810 | ||||||
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As of December 31, | ||||||||
2013 | 2012 | |||||||
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Long-lived assets: |
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United States |
$ | 17,948 | $ | 18,160 | ||||
Other |
41,393 | 41,644 | ||||||
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Total long-lived assets |
$ | 59,341 | $ | 59,804 | ||||
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No individual country within Other exceeded 10% of our net revenues or long-lived assets for all periods presented.