Income before income tax expense - U.S. and non-U.S.  | ||||||||||||
Year ended December 31,  (in millions)  | 2013  | 2012  | 2011  | |||||||||
U.S.  | $  | 17,229  | $  | 24,895  | $  | 16,336  | ||||||
Non-U.S.(a)  | 8,685  | 4,022  | 10,413  | |||||||||
Income before income tax expense  | $  | 25,914  | $  | 28,917  | $  | 26,749  | ||||||
(a)  | For purposes of this table, non-U.S. income is defined as income generated from operations located outside the U.S.  |