| 2013 | FY |

Outstanding Loans and Leases

The following tables present total outstanding loans and leases and an aging analysis for the Corporation’s Home Loans, Credit Card and Other Consumer, and Commercial portfolio segments, by class of financing receivables, at December 31, 2013 and 2012.




	December 31, 2013
(Dollars in millions)	30-59 Days Past Due ⁽¹⁾			60-89 Days Past Due ⁽¹⁾			90 Days or More Past Due ⁽²⁾			Total Past Due 30 Days or More			Total Current or Less Than 30 Days Past Due ⁽³⁾			Purchased Credit-impaired ⁽⁴⁾			Loans Accounted for Under the Fair Value Option			Total Outstandings
Home loans
Core portfolio
Residential mortgage	$	2,151		$	754		$	7,188		$	10,093		$	167,243								$	177,336
Home equity	243			113			693			1,049			53,450									54,499
Legacy Assets & Servicing portfolio
Residential mortgage ⁽⁵⁾	2,758			1,412			16,746			20,916			31,142			$	18,672					70,730
Home equity	444			221			1,292			1,957			30,623			6,593						39,173
Credit card and other consumer
U.S. credit card	598			422			1,053			2,073			90,265									92,338
Non-U.S. credit card	63			54			131			248			11,293									11,541
Direct/Indirect consumer ⁽⁶⁾	431			175			410			1,016			81,176									82,192
Other consumer ⁽⁷⁾	24			8			20			52			1,925									1,977
Total consumer	6,712			3,159			27,533			37,404			467,117			25,265						529,786
Consumer loans accounted for under the fair value option ⁽⁸⁾																			$	2,164		2,164
Total consumer loans and leases	6,712			3,159			27,533			37,404			467,117			25,265			2,164			531,950
Commercial
U.S. commercial	363			151			309			823			211,734									212,557
Commercial real estate ⁽⁹⁾	30			29			243			302			47,591									47,893
Commercial lease financing	110			37			48			195			25,004									25,199
Non-U.S. commercial	103			8			17			128			89,334									89,462
U.S. small business commercial	87			55			113			255			13,039									13,294
Total commercial	693			280			730			1,703			386,702									388,405
Commercial loans accounted for under the fair value option ⁽⁸⁾																			7,878			7,878
Total commercial loans and leases	693			280			730			1,703			386,702						7,878			396,283
Total loans and leases	$	7,405		$	3,439		$	28,263		$	39,107		$	853,819		$	25,265		$	10,042		$	928,233
Percentage of outstandings	0.80		%	0.37		%	3.04		%	4.21		%	91.99		%	2.72		%	1.08		%


⁽¹⁾	Home loans 30-59 days past due includes fully-insured loans of $2.5 billion and nonperforming loans of $623 million. Home loans 60-89 days past due includes fully-insured loans of $1.2 billion and nonperforming loans of $410 million.


⁽²⁾	Home loans includes fully-insured loans of $17.0 billion.


⁽³⁾	Home loans includes $5.9 billion and direct/indirect consumer includes $33 million of nonperforming loans.


⁽⁴⁾	PCI loan amounts are shown gross of the valuation allowance.


⁽⁵⁾	Total outstandings includes pay option loans of $4.4 billion. The Corporation no longer originates this product.


⁽⁶⁾	Total outstandings includes dealer financial services loans of $38.5 billion, consumer lending loans of $2.7 billion, U.S. securities-based lending loans of $31.2 billion, non-U.S. consumer loans of $4.7 billion, student loans of $4.1 billion and other consumer loans of $1.0 billion.


⁽⁷⁾	Total outstandings includes consumer finance loans of $1.2 billion, consumer leases of $606 million, consumer overdrafts of $176 million and other non-U.S. consumer loans of $5 million.


⁽⁸⁾	Consumer loans accounted for under the fair value option were residential mortgage loans of $2.0 billion and home equity loans of $147 million. Commercial loans accounted for under the fair value option were U.S. commercial loans of $1.5 billion and non-U.S. commercial loans of $6.4 billion. For additional information, see Note 20 – Fair Value Measurements and Note 21 – Fair Value Option.


⁽⁹⁾	Total outstandings includes U.S. commercial real estate loans of $46.3 billion and non-U.S. commercial real estate loans of $1.6 billion.




	December 31, 2012
(Dollars in millions)	30-59 Days Past Due ⁽¹⁾			60-89 Days Past Due ⁽¹⁾			90 Days or More Past Due ⁽²⁾			Total Past Due 30 Days or More			Total Current or Less Than 30 Days Past Due ⁽³⁾			Purchased Credit-impaired ⁽⁴⁾			Loans Accounted for Under the Fair Value Option			Total Outstandings
Home loans
Core portfolio
Residential mortgage ⁽⁵⁾	$	2,274		$	806		$	6,227		$	9,307		$	160,809								$	170,116
Home equity	273			146			591			1,010			59,841									60,851
Legacy Assets & Servicing portfolio
Residential mortgage ⁽⁶⁾	2,938			1,714			26,728			31,380			33,982			$	17,451					82,813
Home equity	608			357			1,444			2,409			36,213			8,667						47,289
Credit card and other consumer
U.S. credit card	729			582			1,437			2,748			92,087									94,835
Non-U.S. credit card	106			85			212			403			11,294									11,697
Direct/Indirect consumer ⁽⁷⁾	569			239			573			1,381			81,824									83,205
Other consumer ⁽⁸⁾	48			19			4			71			1,557									1,628
Total consumer	7,545			3,948			37,216			48,709			477,607			26,118						552,434
Consumer loans accounted for under the fair value option ⁽⁹⁾																			$	1,005		1,005
Total consumer loans and leases	7,545			3,948			37,216			48,709			477,607			26,118			1,005			553,439
Commercial
U.S. commercial	323			133			639			1,095			196,031									197,126
Commercial real estate ⁽¹⁰⁾	79			144			983			1,206			37,431									38,637
Commercial lease financing	84			79			30			193			23,650									23,843
Non-U.S. commercial	2			—			—			2			74,182									74,184
U.S. small business commercial	101			75			168			344			12,249									12,593
Total commercial	589			431			1,820			2,840			343,543									346,383
Commercial loans accounted for under the fair value option ⁽⁹⁾																			7,997			7,997
Total commercial loans and leases	589			431			1,820			2,840			343,543						7,997			354,380
Total loans and leases	$	8,134		$	4,379		$	39,036		$	51,549		$	821,150		$	26,118		$	9,002		$	907,819
Percentage of outstandings	0.90		%	0.48		%	4.30		%	5.68		%	90.45		%	2.88		%	0.99		%


⁽¹⁾	Home loans 30-59 days past due includes fully-insured loans of $2.3 billion and nonperforming loans of $702 million. Home loans 60-89 days past due includes fully-insured loans of $1.3 billion and nonperforming loans of $558 million.


⁽²⁾	Home loans includes fully-insured loans of $22.2 billion.


⁽³⁾	Home loans includes $5.5 billion and direct/indirect consumer includes $63 million of nonperforming loans.


⁽⁴⁾	PCI loan amounts are shown gross of the valuation allowance.


⁽⁵⁾	Total outstandings includes non-U.S. residential mortgage loans of $93 million.


⁽⁶⁾	Total outstandings includes pay option loans of $6.7 billion. The Corporation no longer originates this product.


⁽⁷⁾	Total outstandings includes dealer financial services loans of $35.9 billion, consumer lending loans of $4.7 billion, U.S. securities-based lending loans of $28.3 billion, non-U.S. consumer loans of $8.3 billion, student loans of $4.8 billion and other consumer loans of $1.2 billion.


⁽⁸⁾	Total outstandings includes consumer finance loans of $1.4 billion, consumer leases of $34 million, consumer overdrafts of $177 million and other non-U.S. consumer loans of $5 million.


⁽⁹⁾	Consumer loans accounted for under the fair value option were residential mortgage loans of $1.0 billion. Commercial loans accounted for under the fair value option were U.S. commercial loans of $2.3 billion and non-U.S. commercial loans of $5.7 billion. For additional information, see Note 20 – Fair Value Measurements and Note 21 – Fair Value Option.


⁽¹⁰⁾	Total outstandings includes U.S. commercial real estate loans of $37.2 billion and non-U.S. commercial real estate loans of $1.5 billion.

The Corporation mitigates a portion of its credit risk on the residential mortgage portfolio through the use of synthetic securitization vehicles. These vehicles issue long-term notes to investors, the proceeds of which are held as cash collateral. The Corporation pays a premium to the vehicles to purchase mezzanine loss protection on a portfolio of residential mortgage loans owned by the Corporation. Cash held in the vehicles is used to reimburse the Corporation in the event that losses on the mortgage portfolio exceed 10 basis points (bps) of the original pool balance, up to the remaining amount of purchased loss protection of $339 million and $500 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012. The vehicles from which the Corporation purchases credit protection are VIEs. The Corporation does not have a variable interest in these vehicles and, accordingly, these vehicles are not consolidated by the Corporation. Amounts due from the vehicles are recorded in other income (loss) in the Consolidated Statement of Income when the Corporation recognizes a reimbursable loss, as described above. Amounts are collected when reimbursable losses are realized through the sale of the underlying collateral. At December 31, 2013 and 2012, the Corporation had a receivable of $198 million and $305 million from these vehicles for reimbursement of losses, and principal of $12.5 billion and $17.6 billion of residential mortgage loans was referenced under these agreements. The Corporation records an allowance for credit losses on these loans without regard to the existence of the purchased loss protection as the protection does not represent a guarantee of individual loans.

In addition, the Corporation has entered into long-term credit protection agreements with FNMA and FHLMC on loans totaling $28.2 billion and $24.3 billion at December 31, 2013 and 2012, providing full protection on residential mortgage loans that become severely delinquent. All of these loans are individually insured and therefore the Corporation does not record an allowance for credit losses related to these loans. For additional information, see Note 7 – Representations and Warranties Obligations and Corporate Guarantees.

Nonperforming Loans and Leases

The Corporation classifies junior-lien home equity loans as nonperforming when the first-lien loan becomes 90 days past due even if the junior-lien loan is performing. At December 31, 2013 and 2012, $1.2 billion and $1.5 billion of such junior-lien home equity loans were included in nonperforming loans.

The Corporation classifies consumer real estate loans that have been discharged in Chapter 7 bankruptcy and not reaffirmed by the borrower as troubled debt restructurings (TDRs), irrespective of payment history or delinquency status, even if the repayment terms for the loan have not been otherwise modified. The Corporation continues to have a lien on the underlying collateral. At December 31, 2013, nonperforming loans discharged in Chapter 7 bankruptcy with no change in repayment terms at the time of discharge were $1.8 billion of which $1.1 billion were current on their contractual payments while $642 million were 90 days or more past due. Of the contractually current nonperforming loans, nearly 80 percent were discharged in Chapter 7 bankruptcy more than 12 months ago, and nearly 50 percent were discharged 24 months or more ago. As subsequent cash payments are received on the loans that are contractually current, the interest component of the payments is generally recorded as interest income on a cash basis and the principal component is recorded as a reduction in the carrying value of the loan.

The table below presents the Corporation’s nonperforming loans and leases including nonperforming TDRs, and loans accruing past due 90 days or more at December 31, 2013 and 2012. Nonperforming loans held-for-sale (LHFS) are excluded from nonperforming loans and leases as they are recorded at either fair value or the lower of cost or fair value. For more information on the criteria for classification as nonperforming, see Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Principles.




Credit Quality

	December 31
	Nonperforming Loans and Leases ⁽¹⁾				Accruing Past Due 90 Days or More
(Dollars in millions)	2013		2012		2013		2012
Home loans
Core portfolio
Residential mortgage ⁽²⁾	$	3,316	$	3,193	$	5,137	$	3,984
Home equity	1,431		1,265		—		—
Legacy Assets & Servicing portfolio
Residential mortgage⁽²⁾	8,396		11,862		11,824		18,173
Home equity	2,644		3,017		—		—
Credit card and other consumer
U.S. credit card	n/a		n/a		1,053		1,437
Non-U.S. credit card	n/a		n/a		131		212
Direct/Indirect consumer	35		92		408		545
Other consumer	18		2		2		2
Total consumer	15,840		19,431		18,555		24,353
Commercial
U.S. commercial	819		1,484		47		65
Commercial real estate	322		1,513		21		29
Commercial lease financing	16		44		41		15
Non-U.S. commercial	64		68		17		—
U.S. small business commercial	88		115		78		120
Total commercial	1,309		3,224		204		229
Total loans and leases	$	17,149	$	22,655	$	18,759	$	24,582


⁽¹⁾	Nonperforming loan balances do not include nonaccruing TDRs removed from the PCI loan portfolio prior to January 1, 2010 of $260 million and $521 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012.

⁽²⁾

Residential mortgage loans in the Core and Legacy Assets & Servicing portfolios accruing past due 90 days or more are fully-insured loans. At December 31, 2013 and 2012, residential mortgage includes $13.0 billion and $17.8 billion of loans on which interest has been curtailed by the FHA, and therefore are no longer accruing interest, although principal is still insured, and $4.0 billion and $4.4 billion of loans on which interest is still accruing.

n/a = not applicable

Credit Quality Indicators

The Corporation monitors credit quality within its Home Loans, Credit Card and Other Consumer, and Commercial portfolio segments based on primary credit quality indicators. For more information on the portfolio segments, see Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Principles. Within the Home Loans portfolio segment, the primary credit quality indicators are refreshed LTV and refreshed FICO score. Refreshed LTV measures the carrying value of the loan as a percentage of the value of property securing the loan, refreshed quarterly. Home equity loans are evaluated using combined loan-to-value (CLTV) which measures the carrying value of the combined loans that have liens against the property and the available line of credit as a percentage of the value of the property securing the loan, refreshed quarterly. FICO score measures the creditworthiness of the borrower based on the financial obligations of the borrower and the borrower’s credit history. At a minimum, FICO scores are refreshed quarterly, and in many cases, more frequently. FICO scores are also a primary credit quality indicator for the Credit Card and Other Consumer portfolio segment and the business card portfolio within U.S. small business commercial. Within the Commercial portfolio segment, loans are evaluated using the internal classifications of pass rated or reservable criticized as the primary credit quality indicators. The term reservable criticized refers to those commercial loans that are internally classified or listed by the Corporation as Special Mention, Substandard or Doubtful, which are asset quality categories defined by regulatory authorities. These assets have an elevated level of risk and may have a high probability of default or total loss. Pass rated refers to all loans not considered reservable criticized. In addition to these primary credit quality indicators, the Corporation uses other credit quality indicators for certain types of loans.

The following tables present certain credit quality indicators for the Corporation’s Home Loans, Credit Card and Other Consumer, and Commercial portfolio segments, by class of financing receivables, at December 31, 2013 and 2012.




Home Loans – Credit Quality Indicators ⁽¹⁾

	December 31, 2013
(Dollars in millions)	Core Portfolio Residential Mortgage ⁽²⁾		Legacy Assets & Servicing Residential Mortgage ⁽²⁾		Residential Mortgage PCI ⁽³⁾		Core Portfolio Home Equity ⁽²⁾		Legacy Assets & Servicing Home Equity ⁽²⁾		Home Equity PCI
Refreshed LTV⁽⁴⁾
Less than or equal to 90 percent	$	95,833	$	22,391	$	11,400	$	45,898	$	16,714	$	2,036
Greater than 90 percent but less than or equal to 100 percent	5,541		4,134		2,653		3,659		4,233		698
Greater than 100 percent	6,250		7,998		4,619		4,942		11,633		3,859
Fully-insured loans ⁽⁵⁾	69,712		17,535		—		—		—		—
Total home loans	$	177,336	$	52,058	$	18,672	$	54,499	$	32,580	$	6,593
Refreshed FICO score
Less than 620	$	5,924	$	10,391	$	9,792	$	2,343	$	4,229	$	1,072
Greater than or equal to 620 and less than 680	7,863		5,452		3,135		4,057		5,050		1,165
Greater than or equal to 680 and less than 740	24,034		7,791		3,034		11,276		9,032		1,935
Greater than or equal to 740	69,803		10,889		2,711		36,823		14,269		2,421
Fully-insured loans ⁽⁵⁾	69,712		17,535		—		—		—		—
Total home loans	$	177,336	$	52,058	$	18,672	$	54,499	$	32,580	$	6,593


⁽¹⁾	Excludes $2.2 billion of loans accounted for under the fair value option.


⁽²⁾	Excludes PCI loans.


⁽³⁾	Includes $4.0 billion of pay option loans. The Corporation no longer originates this product.


⁽⁴⁾	Refreshed LTV percentages for PCI loans are calculated using the carrying value net of the related valuation allowance.


⁽⁵⁾	Credit quality indicators are not reported for fully-insured loans as principal repayment is insured.




Credit Card and Other Consumer – Credit Quality Indicators

	December 31, 2013
(Dollars in millions)	U.S. Credit Card		Non-U.S. Credit Card		Direct/Indirect Consumer		Other Consumer ⁽¹⁾
Refreshed FICO score
Less than 620	$	4,989	$	—	$	1,220	$	539
Greater than or equal to 620 and less than 680	12,753		—		3,345		264
Greater than or equal to 680 and less than 740	35,413		—		9,887		199
Greater than or equal to 740	39,183		—		26,220		188
Other internal credit metrics ^{(2, 3, 4)}	—		11,541		41,520		787
Total credit card and other consumer	$	92,338	$	11,541	$	82,192	$	1,977


⁽¹⁾	60 percent of the other consumer portfolio is associated with portfolios from certain consumer finance businesses that the Corporation previously exited.


⁽²⁾	Other internal credit metrics may include delinquency status, geography or other factors.


⁽³⁾	Direct/indirect consumer includes $35.8 billion of securities-based lending which is overcollateralized and therefore has minimal credit risk and $4.1 billion of loans the Corporation no longer originates.


⁽⁴⁾	Non-U.S. credit card represents the U.K. credit card portfolio which is evaluated using internal credit metrics, including delinquency status. At December 31, 2013, 98 percent of this portfolio was current or less than 30 days past due, one percent was 30-89 days past due and one percent was 90 days or more past due.




Commercial – Credit Quality Indicators ⁽¹⁾

	December 31, 2013
(Dollars in millions)	U.S. Commercial		Commercial Real Estate		Commercial Lease Financing		Non-U.S. Commercial		U.S. Small Business Commercial ⁽²⁾
Risk ratings
Pass rated	$	205,416	$	46,507	$	24,211	$	88,138	$	1,191
Reservable criticized	7,141		1,386		988		1,324		346
Refreshed FICO score ⁽³⁾
Less than 620									224
Greater than or equal to 620 and less than 680									534
Greater than or equal to 680 and less than 740									1,567
Greater than or equal to 740									2,779
Other internal credit metrics ^{(3, 4)}									6,653
Total commercial	$	212,557	$	47,893	$	25,199	$	89,462	$	13,294


⁽¹⁾	Excludes $7.9 billion of loans accounted for under the fair value option.


⁽²⁾	U.S. small business commercial includes $289 million of criticized business card and small business loans which are evaluated using refreshed FICO scores or internal credit metrics, including delinquency status, rather than risk ratings. At December 31, 2013, 99 percent of the balances where internal credit metrics are used was current or less than 30 days past due.


⁽³⁾	Refreshed FICO score and other internal credit metrics are applicable only to the U.S. small business commercial portfolio.


⁽⁴⁾	Other internal credit metrics may include delinquency status, application scores, geography or other factors.




Home Loans – Credit Quality Indicators ⁽¹⁾

	December 31, 2012
(Dollars in millions)	Core Portfolio Residential Mortgage ⁽²⁾		Legacy Assets & Servicing Residential Mortgage ⁽²⁾		Residential Mortgage PCI ⁽³⁾		Core Portfolio Home Equity ⁽²⁾		Legacy Assets & Servicing Home Equity ⁽²⁾		Home Equity PCI
Refreshed LTV ⁽⁴⁾
Less than or equal to 90 percent	$	80,585	$	20,613	$	8,581	$	44,971	$	15,922	$	2,074
Greater than 90 percent but less than or equal to 100 percent	8,891		5,097		2,368		5,825		4,507		805
Greater than 100 percent	12,984		16,454		6,502		10,055		18,193		5,788
Fully-insured loans ⁽⁵⁾	67,656		23,198		—		—		—		—
Total home loans	$	170,116	$	65,362	$	17,451	$	60,851	$	38,622	$	8,667
Refreshed FICO score
Less than 620	$	6,366	$	14,320	$	8,647	$	2,586	$	5,411	$	1,989
Greater than or equal to 620 and less than 680	8,561		6,157		2,712		4,500		5,921		1,529
Greater than or equal to 680 and less than 740	25,141		8,611		2,976		12,625		10,395		2,299
Greater than or equal to 740	62,392		13,076		3,116		41,140		16,895		2,850
Fully-insured loans ⁽⁵⁾	67,656		23,198		—		—		—		—
Total home loans	$	170,116	$	65,362	$	17,451	$	60,851	$	38,622	$	8,667


⁽¹⁾	Excludes $1.0 billion of loans accounted for under the fair value option.


⁽²⁾	Excludes PCI loans.


⁽³⁾	Includes $6.1 billion of pay option loans. The Corporation no longer originates this product.


⁽⁴⁾	Refreshed LTV percentages for PCI loans are calculated using the carrying value net of the related valuation allowance.


⁽⁵⁾	Credit quality indicators are not reported for fully-insured loans as principal repayment is insured.




Credit Card and Other Consumer – Credit Quality Indicators

	December 31, 2012
(Dollars in millions)	U.S. Credit Card		Non-U.S. Credit Card		Direct/Indirect Consumer		Other Consumer ⁽¹⁾
Refreshed FICO score
Less than 620	$	6,188	$	—	$	1,896	$	668
Greater than or equal to 620 and less than 680	13,947		—		3,367		301
Greater than or equal to 680 and less than 740	37,167		—		9,592		232
Greater than or equal to 740	37,533		—		25,164		212
Other internal credit metrics ^{(2, 3, 4)}	—		11,697		43,186		215
Total credit card and other consumer	$	94,835	$	11,697	$	83,205	$	1,628


⁽¹⁾	87 percent of the other consumer portfolio is associated with portfolios from certain consumer finance businesses that the Corporation previously exited.


⁽²⁾	Other internal credit metrics may include delinquency status, geography or other factors.


⁽³⁾	Direct/indirect consumer includes $36.5 billion of securities-based lending which is overcollateralized and therefore has minimal credit risk and $4.8 billion of loans the Corporation no longer originates.


⁽⁴⁾	Non-U.S. credit card represents the U.K. credit card portfolio which is evaluated using internal credit metrics, including delinquency status. At December 31, 2012, 97 percent of this portfolio was current or less than 30 days past due, one percent was 30-89 days past due and two percent was 90 days or more past due.




Commercial – Credit Quality Indicators ⁽¹⁾

	December 31, 2012
(Dollars in millions)	U.S. Commercial		Commercial Real Estate		Commercial Lease Financing		Non-U.S. Commercial		U.S. Small Business Commercial ⁽²⁾
Risk ratings
Pass rated	$	189,602	$	34,968	$	22,874	$	72,688	$	1,690
Reservable criticized	7,524		3,669		969		1,496		573
Refreshed FICO score ⁽³⁾
Less than 620									400
Greater than or equal to 620 and less than 680									580
Greater than or equal to 680 and less than 740									1,553
Greater than or equal to 740									2,496
Other internal credit metrics ^{(3, 4)}									5,301
Total commercial	$	197,126	$	38,637	$	23,843	$	74,184	$	12,593


⁽¹⁾	Excludes $8.0 billion of loans accounted for under the fair value option.


⁽²⁾	U.S. small business commercial includes $366 million of criticized business card and small business loans which are evaluated using refreshed FICO scores or internal credit metrics, including delinquency status, rather than risk ratings. At December 31, 2012, 98 percent of the balances where internal credit metrics are used was current or less than 30 days past due.


⁽³⁾	Refreshed FICO score and other internal credit metrics are applicable only to the U.S. small business commercial portfolio.


⁽⁴⁾	Other internal credit metrics may include delinquency status, application scores, geography or other factors.

Impaired Loans and Troubled Debt Restructurings

A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information, it is probable that the Corporation will be unable to collect all amounts due from the borrower in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan. Impaired loans include nonperforming commercial loans and all consumer and commercial TDRs. For additional information, see Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Principles. Impaired loans exclude nonperforming consumer loans and nonperforming commercial leases unless they are classified as TDRs. Loans accounted for under the fair value option are also excluded. Purchased credit-impaired (PCI) loans are excluded and reported separately on page 198.

Home Loans

Impaired home loans within the Home Loans portfolio segment consist entirely of TDRs. Excluding PCI loans, most modifications of home loans meet the definition of TDRs when a binding offer is extended to a borrower. Modifications of home loans are done in accordance with the government’s Making Home Affordable Program (modifications under government programs) or the Corporation’s proprietary programs (modifications under proprietary programs). These modifications are considered to be TDRs if concessions have been granted to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties. Concessions may include reductions in interest rates, capitalization of past due amounts, principal and/or interest forbearance, payment extensions, principal and/or interest forgiveness, or combinations thereof. During 2012, the Corporation implemented a borrower assistance program that provides forgiveness of principal balances in connection with the settlement agreement among the Corporation and certain of its affiliates and subsidiaries, together with the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ), the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) and other federal agencies, and 49 state Attorneys General concerning the terms of a global settlement resolving investigations into certain origination, servicing and foreclosure practices (National Mortgage Settlement). In addition, the Corporation also provides interest rate modifications to qualified borrowers pursuant to the National Mortgage Settlement and these interest rate modifications are not considered to be TDRs.

Prior to permanently modifying a loan, the Corporation may enter into trial modifications with certain borrowers under both government and proprietary programs, including the borrower assistance program pursuant to the National Mortgage Settlement. Trial modifications generally represent a three- to four-month period during which the borrower makes monthly payments under the anticipated modified payment terms. Upon successful completion of the trial period, the Corporation and the borrower enter into a permanent modification. Binding trial modifications are classified as TDRs when the trial offer is made and continue to be classified as TDRs regardless of whether the borrower enters into a permanent modification.

Home loans that have been discharged in Chapter 7 bankruptcy with no change in repayment terms at the time of discharge of $3.6 billion were included in TDRs at December 31, 2013, of which $1.8 billion were classified as nonperforming and $1.8 billion were loans fully-insured by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA). Of the $3.6 billion of home loan TDRs, approximately 27 percent, 30 percent and 43 percent were discharged in Chapter 7 bankruptcy in 2013, 2012 and in years prior to 2012, respectively. For more information on loans discharged in Chapter 7 bankruptcy, see Nonperforming Loans and Leases in this Note.

A home loan, excluding PCI loans which are reported separately, is not classified as impaired unless it is a TDR. Once such a loan has been designated as a TDR, it is then individually assessed for impairment. Home loan TDRs are measured primarily based on the net present value of the estimated cash flows discounted at the loan’s original effective interest rate, as discussed in the following paragraph. If the carrying value of a TDR exceeds this amount, a specific allowance is recorded as a component of the allowance for loan and lease losses. Alternatively, home loan TDRs that are considered to be dependent solely on the collateral for repayment (e.g., due to the lack of income verification or as a result of being discharged in Chapter 7 bankruptcy) are measured based on the estimated fair value of the collateral and a charge-off is recorded if the carrying value exceeds the fair value of the collateral. Home loans that reached 180 days past due prior to modification had been charged off to their net realizable value before they were modified as TDRs in accordance with established policy. Therefore, modifications of home loans that are 180 or more days past due as TDRs do not have an impact on the allowance for loan and lease losses nor are additional charge-offs required at the time of modification. Subsequent declines in the fair value of the collateral after a loan has reached 180 days past due are recorded as charge-offs. Fully-insured loans are protected against principal loss, and therefore, the Corporation does not record an allowance for loan and lease losses on the outstanding principal balance, even after they have been modified in a TDR.

The net present value of the estimated cash flows used to measure impairment is based on model-driven estimates of projected payments, prepayments, defaults and loss-given-default (LGD). Using statistical modeling methodologies, the Corporation estimates the probability that a loan will default prior to maturity based on the attributes of each loan. The factors that are most relevant to the probability of default are the refreshed LTV, or in the case of a subordinated lien, refreshed CLTV, borrower credit score, months since origination (i.e., vintage) and geography. Each of these factors is further broken down by present collection status (whether the loan is current, delinquent, in default or in bankruptcy). Severity (or LGD) is estimated based on the refreshed LTV for first mortgages or CLTV for subordinated liens. The estimates are based on the Corporation’s historical experience as adjusted to reflect an assessment of environmental factors that may not be reflected in the historical data, such as changes in real estate values, local and national economies, underwriting standards and the regulatory environment. The probability of default models also incorporate recent experience with modification programs including redefaults subsequent to modification, a loan’s default history prior to modification and the change in borrower payments post-modification.

At December 31, 2013 and 2012, remaining commitments to lend additional funds to debtors whose terms have been modified in a home loan TDR were immaterial. Home loan foreclosed properties totaled $533 million and $650 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012.

The table below provides information for impaired loans in the Corporation’s Home Loans portfolio segment at December 31, 2013 and 2012, and for 2013, 2012 and 2011, and includes primarily loans managed by Legacy Assets & Servicing. Certain impaired home loans do not have a related allowance as the current valuation of these impaired loans exceeded the carrying value, which is net of previously recorded charge-offs.




Impaired Loans – Home Loans

	December 31, 2013						December 31, 2012
(Dollars in millions)	Unpaid Principal Balance		Carrying Value		Related Allowance		Unpaid Principal Balance		Carrying Value		Related Allowance
With no recorded allowance
Residential mortgage	$	21,567	$	16,450	$	—	$	20,226	$	14,967	$	—
Home equity	3,249		1,385		—		2,624		1,103		—
With an allowance recorded
Residential mortgage	13,341		12,862		991		14,223		13,158		1,252
Home equity	893		761		240		1,256		1,022		448
Total
Residential mortgage	$	34,908	$	29,312	$	991	$	34,449	$	28,125	$	1,252
Home equity	4,142		2,146		240		3,880		2,125		448

	2013				2012				2011
	Average Carrying Value		Interest Income Recognized ⁽¹⁾		Average Carrying Value		Interest Income Recognized ⁽¹⁾		Average Carrying Value		Interest Income Recognized ⁽¹⁾
With no recorded allowance
Residential mortgage	$	16,625	$	621	$	10,937	$	366	$	6,507	$	241
Home equity	1,245		76		734		49		442		23
With an allowance recorded
Residential mortgage	13,926		616		11,575		423		9,552		325
Home equity	912		41		1,145		44		1,357		34
Total
Residential mortgage	$	30,551	$	1,237	$	22,512	$	789	$	16,059	$	566
Home equity	2,157		117		1,879		93		1,799		57


⁽¹⁾	Interest income recognized includes interest accrued and collected on the outstanding balances of accruing impaired loans as well as interest cash collections on nonaccruing impaired loans for which the principal is considered collectible.

The table below presents the December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 unpaid principal balance, carrying value, and average pre- and post-modification interest rates of home loans that were modified in TDRs during 2013, 2012 and 2011, and net charge-offs that were recorded during the period in which the modification occurred. The following Home Loans portfolio segment tables include loans that were initially classified as TDRs during the period and also loans that had previously been classified as TDRs and were modified again during the period. These TDRs are managed by Legacy Assets & Servicing.




Home Loans – TDRs Entered into During 2013, 2012 and 2011 ⁽¹⁾

	December 31, 2013								2013
(Dollars in millions)	Unpaid Principal Balance		Carrying Value		Pre-Modification Interest Rate		Post-Modification Interest Rate		Net Charge-offs ⁽²⁾
Residential mortgage	$	11,233	$	10,016	5.30	%	4.27	%	$	235
Home equity	878		521		5.29		3.92		192
Total	$	12,111	$	10,537	5.30		4.24		$	427

	December 31, 2012								2012
Residential mortgage	$	15,088	$	12,228	5.52	%	4.70	%	$	523
Home equity	1,721		858		5.22		4.39		716
Total	$	16,809	$	13,086	5.49		4.66		$	1,239

	December 31, 2011								2011
Residential mortgage	$	11,764	$	9,991	5.94	%	5.16	%	$	308
Home equity	1,112		556		6.58		5.25		239
Total	$	12,876	$	10,547	6.01		5.17		$	547


⁽¹⁾	TDRs entered into during 2013 include residential mortgage modifications with principal forgiveness of $467 million. TDRs entered into during 2012 include residential mortgage modifications with principal forgiveness of $778 million and home equity modifications of $9 million. Prior to 2012, the principal forgiveness amount was not significant.


⁽²⁾	Net charge-offs include amounts recorded on loans modified during the period that are no longer held by the Corporation at December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 due to sales and other dispositions.

The table below presents the December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 carrying value for home loans that were modified in a TDR during 2013, 2012 and 2011 by type of modification.




Home Loans – Modification Programs

	TDRs Entered into During 2013
(Dollars in millions)	Residential Mortgage		Home Equity		Total Carrying Value
Modifications under government programs
Contractual interest rate reduction	$	1,815	$	48	$	1,863
Principal and/or interest forbearance	35		24		59
Other modifications ⁽¹⁾	100		—		100
Total modifications under government programs	1,950		72		2,022
Modifications under proprietary programs
Contractual interest rate reduction	2,799		40		2,839
Capitalization of past due amounts	132		2		134
Principal and/or interest forbearance	469		17		486
Other modifications⁽¹⁾	105		25		130
Total modifications under proprietary programs	3,505		84		3,589
Trial modifications	3,410		87		3,497
Loans discharged in Chapter 7 bankruptcy ⁽²⁾	1,151		278		1,429
Total modifications	$	10,016	$	521	$	10,537

	TDRs Entered into During 2012
Modifications under government programs
Contractual interest rate reduction	$	642	$	78	$	720
Principal and/or interest forbearance	51		31		82
Other modifications ⁽¹⁾	37		1		38
Total modifications under government programs	730		110		840
Modifications under proprietary programs
Contractual interest rate reduction	3,350		44		3,394
Capitalization of past due amounts	144		—		144
Principal and/or interest forbearance	424		16		440
Other modifications⁽¹⁾	97		21		118
Total modifications under proprietary programs	4,015		81		4,096
Trial modifications	4,547		69		4,616
Loans discharged in Chapter 7 bankruptcy ⁽²⁾	2,936		598		3,534
Total modifications	$	12,228	$	858	$	13,086

	TDRs Entered into During 2011
Modifications under government programs
Contractual interest rate reduction	$	994	$	189	$	1,183
Principal and/or interest forbearance	189		36		225
Other modifications ⁽¹⁾	64		5		69
Total modifications under government programs	1,247		230		1,477
Modifications under proprietary programs
Contractual interest rate reduction	3,531		101		3,632
Capitalization of past due amounts	410		1		411
Principal and/or interest forbearance	946		49		995
Other modifications⁽¹⁾	441		34		475
Total modifications under proprietary programs	5,328		185		5,513
Trial modifications	3,416		141		3,557
Total modifications	$	9,991	$	556	$	10,547


⁽¹⁾	Includes other modifications such as term or payment extensions and repayment plans.


⁽²⁾	Includes loans discharged in Chapter 7 bankruptcy with no change in repayment terms that are classified as TDRs. The amount for 2012 represents the cumulative impact upon adoption of the regulatory guidance. During 2013, home loans of $587 million, or 41 percent of loans discharged in Chapter 7 bankruptcy were current or less than 60 days past due.

The table below presents the carrying value of loans that entered into payment default during 2013, 2012 and 2011 that were modified in a TDR during the 12 months preceding payment default. Included in the table are loans with a carrying value of $2.4 billion, $667 million and $514 million that entered payment default during 2013, 2012 and 2011 but were no longer held by the Corporation as of December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 due to sales and other dispositions. A payment default for home loan TDRs is recognized when a borrower has missed three monthly payments (not necessarily consecutively) since modification. Payment default on a trial modification where the borrower has not yet met the terms of the agreement are included in the table below if the borrower is 90 days or more past due three months after the offer to modify is made.




Home Loans – TDRs Entering Payment Default That Were Modified During the Preceding 12 Months

	2013
(Dollars in millions)	Residential Mortgage		Home Equity		Total Carrying Value ⁽¹⁾
Modifications under government programs	$	454	$	2	$	456
Modifications under proprietary programs	1,117		4		1,121
Loans discharged in Chapter 7 bankruptcy ⁽²⁾	964		30		994
Trial modifications	4,376		14		4,390
Total modifications	$	6,911	$	50	$	6,961

	2012
Modifications under government programs	$	202	$	8	$	210
Modifications under proprietary programs	942		14		956
Loans discharged in Chapter 7 bankruptcy ⁽²⁾	1,228		53		1,281
Trial modifications	2,351		20		2,371
Total modifications	$	4,723	$	95	$	4,818

	2011
Modifications under government programs	$	352	$	2	$	354
Modifications under proprietary programs	2,098		42		2,140
Trial modifications	1,101		17		1,118
Total modifications	$	3,551	$	61	$	3,612


⁽¹⁾	Total carrying value includes loans with a carrying value of $2.4 billion, $667 million and $514 million that entered into payment default during 2013, 2012 and 2011 but were no longer held by the Corporation as of December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 due to sales and other dispositions.


⁽²⁾	Includes loans discharged in Chapter 7 bankruptcy with no change in repayment terms that are classified as TDRs.

Credit Card and Other Consumer

Impaired loans within the Credit Card and Other Consumer portfolio segment consist entirely of loans that have been modified in TDRs (the renegotiated credit card and other consumer TDR portfolio, collectively referred to as the renegotiated TDR portfolio). The Corporation seeks to assist customers that are experiencing financial difficulty by modifying loans while ensuring compliance with federal laws and guidelines. Credit card and other consumer loan modifications generally involve reducing the interest rate on the account and placing the customer on a fixed payment plan not exceeding 60 months, all of which are considered TDRs. In addition, non-U.S. credit card modifications may involve reducing the interest rate on the account without placing the customer on a fixed payment plan, and are also considered TDRs. In all cases, the customer’s available line of credit is canceled. The Corporation makes loan modifications directly with borrowers for debt held only by the Corporation (internal programs). Additionally, the Corporation makes loan modifications for borrowers working with third-party renegotiation agencies that provide solutions to customers’ entire unsecured debt structures (external programs). The Corporation classifies other secured consumer loans that have been discharged in Chapter 7 bankruptcy as TDRs which are written down to collateral value and placed on nonaccrual status no later than the time of discharge. For more information on the regulatory guidance on loans discharged in Chapter 7 bankruptcy, see Nonperforming Loans and Leases in this Note.

All credit card and substantially all other consumer loans that have been modified in TDRs remain on accrual status until the loan is either paid in full or charged off, which occurs no later than the end of the month in which the loan becomes 180 days past due or generally at 120 days past due for a loan that was placed on a fixed payment plan after July 1, 2012.

The allowance for impaired credit card and substantially all other consumer loans is based on the present value of projected cash flows, which incorporates the Corporation’s historical payment default and loss experience on modified loans, discounted using the portfolio’s average contractual interest rate, excluding promotionally priced loans, in effect prior to restructuring. Credit card and other consumer loans are included in homogeneous pools which are collectively evaluated for impairment. For these portfolios, loss forecast models are utilized that consider a variety of factors including, but not limited to, historical loss experience, delinquency status, economic trends and credit scores.

The table below provides information on the Corporation’s renegotiated TDR portfolio in the Credit Card and Other Consumer portfolio segment at December 31, 2013 and 2012, and for 2013, 2012 and 2011.




Impaired Loans – Credit Card and Other Consumer – Renegotiated TDRs

	December 31, 2013						December 31, 2012
(Dollars in millions)	Unpaid Principal Balance		Carrying Value ⁽¹⁾		Related Allowance		Unpaid Principal Balance		Carrying Value ⁽¹⁾		Related Allowance
With an allowance recorded
U.S. credit card	$	1,384	$	1,465	$	337	$	2,856	$	2,871	$	719
Non-U.S. credit card	200		240		149		311		316		198
Direct/Indirect consumer	242		282		84		633		636		210
Other consumer	27		26		9		30		30		12
With no recorded allowance
Direct/Indirect consumer	75		32		—		105		58		—
Other consumer	34		34		—		35		35		—
Total
U.S. credit card	$	1,384	$	1,465	$	337	$	2,856	$	2,871	$	719
Non-U.S. credit card	200		240		149		311		316		198
Direct/Indirect consumer	317		314		84		738		694		210
Other consumer	61		60		9		65		65		12

	2013				2012				2011
	Average Carrying Value		Interest Income Recognized ⁽²⁾		Average Carrying Value		Interest Income Recognized ⁽²⁾		Average Carrying Value		Interest Income Recognized ⁽²⁾
With an allowance recorded
U.S. credit card	$	2,144	$	134	$	4,085	$	253	$	7,211	$	433
Non-U.S. credit card	266		7		464		10		759		6
Direct/Indirect consumer	456		24		929		50		1,582		85
Other consumer	28		2		29		2		30		2
With no recorded allowance
Direct/Indirect consumer	42		—		58		—		—		—
Other consumer	34		2		35		2		30		2
Total
U.S. credit card	$	2,144	$	134	$	4,085	$	253	$	7,211	$	433
Non-U.S. credit card	266		7		464		10		759		6
Direct/Indirect consumer	498		24		987		50		1,582		85
Other consumer	62		4		64		4		60		4


⁽¹⁾	Includes accrued interest and fees.


⁽²⁾	Interest income recognized includes interest accrued and collected on the outstanding balances of accruing impaired loans as well as interest cash collections on nonaccruing impaired loans for which the principal is considered collectible.

The table below provides information on the Corporation’s primary modification programs for the renegotiated TDR portfolio at December 31, 2013 and 2012.




Credit Card and Other Consumer – Renegotiated TDRs by Program Type

	December 31
	Internal Programs				External Programs				Other				Total				Percent of Balances Current or Less Than 30 Days Past Due
(Dollars in millions)	2013		2012		2013		2012		2013		2012		2013		2012		2013		2012
U.S. credit card	$	842	$	1,887	$	607	$	953	$	16	$	31	$	1,465	$	2,871	82.77	%	81.48	%
Non-U.S. credit card	71		99		26		38		143		179		240		316		49.01		43.71
Direct/Indirect consumer	170		405		106		225		38		64		314		694		84.29		83.11
Other consumer	60		65		—		—		—		—		60		65		71.08		72.73
Total renegotiated TDRs	$	1,143	$	2,456	$	739	$	1,216	$	197	$	274	$	2,079	$	3,946	78.77		78.58

The table below provides information on the Corporation’s renegotiated TDR portfolio including the December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 unpaid principal balance, carrying value and average pre- and post-modification interest rates of loans that were modified in TDRs during 2013, 2012 and 2011, and net charge-offs that were recorded during the period in which the modification occurred.




Credit Card and Other Consumer – Renegotiated TDRs Entered into During 2013, 2012 and 2011

	December 31, 2013								2013
(Dollars in millions)	Unpaid Principal Balance		Carrying Value ⁽¹⁾		Pre-Modification Interest Rate		Post-Modification Interest Rate		Net Charge-offs
U.S. credit card	$	299	$	329	16.84	%	5.84	%	$	30
Non-U.S. credit card	134		147		25.90		0.95		138
Direct/Indirect consumer	47		38		11.53		4.74		15
Other consumer	8		8		9.28		5.25		—
Total	$	488	$	522	18.89		4.37		$	183

	December 31, 2012								2012
U.S. credit card	$	396	$	400	17.59	%	6.36	%	$	45
Non-U.S. credit card	196		206		26.19		1.15		190
Direct/Indirect consumer	160		113		9.59		5.72		52
Other consumer	9		9		9.97		6.44		—
Total	$	761	$	728	18.68		4.79		$	287

	December 31, 2011								2011
U.S. credit card	$	890	$	902	19.04	%	6.16	%	$	106
Non-U.S. credit card	305		322		26.32		1.04		291
Direct/Indirect consumer	198		199		15.63		5.22		23
Other consumer	17		17		10.01		6.53		—
Total	$	1,410	$	1,440	20.09		4.89		$	420


⁽¹⁾	Includes accrued interest and fees.

The table below provides information on the Corporation’s primary modification programs for the renegotiated TDR portfolio for loans that were modified in TDRs during 2013, 2012 and 2011.




Credit Card and Other Consumer – Renegotiated TDRs Entered into During the Period by Program Type

	2013
(Dollars in millions)	Internal Programs		External Programs		Other		Total
U.S. credit card	$	192	$	137	$	—	$	329
Non-U.S. credit card	73		74		—		147
Direct/Indirect consumer	15		8		15		38
Other consumer	8		—		—		8
Total renegotiated TDRs	$	288	$	219	$	15	$	522

	2012
U.S. credit card	$	248	$	152	$	—	$	400
Non-U.S. credit card	112		94		—		206
Direct/Indirect consumer	36		19		58		113
Other consumer	9		—		—		9
Total renegotiated TDRs	$	405	$	265	$	58	$	728

	2011
U.S. credit card	$	492	$	407	$	3	$	902
Non-U.S. credit card	163		158		1		322
Direct/Indirect consumer	112		87		—		199
Other consumer	17		—		—		17
Total renegotiated TDRs	$	784	$	652	$	4	$	1,440

Credit card and other consumer loans are deemed to be in payment default during the quarter in which a borrower misses the second of two consecutive payments. Payment defaults are one of the factors considered when projecting future cash flows in the calculation of the allowance for loan and lease losses for impaired credit card and other consumer loans. Based on historical experience, the Corporation estimates that 21 percent of new U.S. credit card TDRs, 70 percent of new non-U.S. credit card TDRs and 13 percent of new direct/indirect consumer TDRs may be in payment default within 12 months after modification. Loans that entered into payment default during 2013, 2012 and 2011 that had been modified in a TDR during the preceding 12 months were $61 million, $203 million and $863 million for U.S. credit card, $236 million, $298 million and $409 million for non-U.S. credit card, and $12 million, $35 million and $180 million for direct/indirect consumer, respectively.

Commercial Loans

Impaired commercial loans, which include nonperforming loans and TDRs (both performing and nonperforming), are primarily measured based on the present value of payments expected to be received, discounted at the loan’s original effective interest rate. Commercial impaired loans may also be measured based on observable market prices or, for loans that are solely dependent on the collateral for repayment, the estimated fair value of collateral less costs to sell. If the carrying value of a loan exceeds this amount, a specific allowance is recorded as a component of the allowance for loan and lease losses.

Modifications of loans to commercial borrowers that are experiencing financial difficulty are designed to reduce the Corporation’s loss exposure while providing the borrower with an opportunity to work through financial difficulties, often to avoid foreclosure or bankruptcy. Each modification is unique and reflects the individual circumstances of the borrower. Modifications that result in a TDR may include extensions of maturity at a concessionary (below market) rate of interest, payment forbearances or other actions designed to benefit the customer while mitigating the Corporation’s risk exposure. Reductions in interest rates are rare. Instead, the interest rates are typically increased, although the increased rate may not represent a market rate of interest. Infrequently, concessions may also include principal forgiveness in connection with foreclosure, short sale or other settlement agreements leading to termination or sale of the loan.

At the time of restructuring, the loans are remeasured to reflect the impact, if any, on projected cash flows resulting from the modified terms. If there was no forgiveness of principal and the interest rate was not decreased, the modification may have little or no impact on the allowance established for the loan. If a portion of the loan is deemed to be uncollectible, a charge-off may be recorded at the time of restructuring. Alternatively, a charge-off may have already been recorded in a previous period such that no charge-off is required at the time of modification. For more information on modifications for the U.S. small business commercial portfolio, see Credit Card and Other Consumer in this Note.

At December 31, 2013 and 2012, remaining commitments to lend additional funds to debtors whose terms have been modified in a commercial loan TDR were immaterial. Commercial foreclosed properties totaled $90 million and $250 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012.

The table below provides information for impaired loans in the Corporation’s Commercial loan portfolio segment at December 31, 2013 and 2012, and for 2013, 2012 and 2011. Certain impaired commercial loans do not have a related allowance as the valuation of these impaired loans exceeded the carrying value, which is net of previously recorded charge-offs.




Impaired Loans – Commercial

	December 31, 2013						December 31, 2012
(Dollars in millions)	Unpaid Principal Balance		Carrying Value		Related Allowance		Unpaid Principal Balance		Carrying Value		Related Allowance
With no recorded allowance
U.S. commercial	$	609	$	577	$	—	$	571	$	476	$	—
Commercial real estate	254		228		—		370		316		—
Non-U.S. commercial	10		10		—		155		36		—
With an allowance recorded
U.S. commercial	1,581		1,262		164		2,431		1,771		159
Commercial real estate	1,066		731		61		2,920		1,848		201
Non-U.S. commercial	254		64		16		365		117		18
U.S. small business commercial ⁽¹⁾	186		176		36		361		317		97
Total
U.S. commercial	$	2,190	$	1,839	$	164	$	3,002	$	2,247	$	159
Commercial real estate	1,320		959		61		3,290		2,164		201
Non-U.S. commercial	264		74		16		520		153		18
U.S. small business commercial ⁽¹⁾	186		176		36		361		317		97

	2013				2012				2011
	Average Carrying Value		Interest Income Recognized ⁽²⁾		Average Carrying Value		Interest Income Recognized ⁽²⁾		Average Carrying Value		Interest Income Recognized ⁽²⁾
With no recorded allowance
U.S. commercial	$	442	$	6	$	588	$	9	$	774	$	7
Commercial real estate	269		3		1,119		3		1,994		7
Non-U.S. commercial	28		—		104		—		101		—
With an allowance recorded
U.S. commercial	1,553		47		2,104		55		2,422		13
Commercial real estate	1,148		28		2,126		29		3,309		19
Non-U.S. commercial	109		5		77		4		76		3
U.S. small business commercial ⁽¹⁾	236		6		409		13		666		23
Total
U.S. commercial	$	1,995	$	53	$	2,692	$	64	$	3,196	$	20
Commercial real estate	1,417		31		3,245		32		5,303		26
Non-U.S. commercial	137		5		181		4		177		3
U.S. small business commercial ⁽¹⁾	236		6		409		13		666		23


⁽¹⁾	Includes U.S. small business commercial renegotiated TDR loans and related allowance.


⁽²⁾	Interest income recognized includes interest accrued and collected on the outstanding balances of accruing impaired loans as well as interest cash collections on nonaccruing impaired loans for which the principal is considered collectible.

The table below presents the December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 unpaid principal balance and carrying value of commercial loans that were modified as TDRs during 2013, 2012 and 2011, and net charge-offs that were recorded during the period in which the modification occurred. The table below includes loans that were initially classified as TDRs during the period and, beginning in the first quarter of 2013, also loans that had previously been classified as TDRs and were modified again during the period.




Commercial – TDRs Entered into During 2013, 2012 and 2011

	December 31, 2013				2013
(Dollars in millions)	Unpaid Principal Balance		Carrying Value		Net Charge-offs
U.S. commercial	$	926	$	910	$	33
Commercial real estate	483		425		3
Non-U.S. commercial	61		44		7
U.S. small business commercial ⁽¹⁾	8		9		1
Total	$	1,478	$	1,388	$	44

	December 31, 2012				2012
U.S. commercial	$	590	$	558	$	34
Commercial real estate	793		721		20
Non-U.S. commercial	90		89		1
U.S. small business commercial ⁽¹⁾	22		22		5
Total	$	1,495	$	1,390	$	60

	December 31, 2011				2011
U.S. commercial	$	1,381	$	1,211	$	74
Commercial real estate	1,604		1,333		152
Non-U.S. commercial	44		44		—
U.S. small business commercial ⁽¹⁾	58		59		10
Total	$	3,087	$	2,647	$	236


⁽¹⁾	U.S. small business commercial TDRs are comprised of renegotiated small business card loans.

A commercial TDR is generally deemed to be in payment default when the loan is 90 days or more past due, including delinquencies that were not resolved as part of the modification. U.S. small business commercial TDRs are deemed to be in payment default during the quarter in which a borrower misses the second of two consecutive payments. Payment defaults are one of the factors considered when projecting future cash flows, along with observable market prices or fair value of collateral when measuring the allowance for loan losses. TDRs that were in payment default had a carrying value of $55 million, $130 million and $164 million for U.S. commercial, $128 million, $455 million and $446 million for commercial real estate, and $0, $18 million and $68 million for U.S. small business commercial at December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

Purchased Credit-impaired Loans

PCI loans are acquired loans with evidence of credit quality deterioration since origination for which it is probable at purchase date that the Corporation will be unable to collect all contractually required payments. The following table provides details on PCI loans acquired in connection with the January 6, 2013 settlement with FNMA (the FNMA Settlement).




Purchased Loans at Acquisition Date

(Dollars in millions)
Contractually required payments including interest	$	8,274
Less: Nonaccretable difference	2,159
Cash flows expected to be collected⁽¹⁾	6,115
Less: Accretable yield	1,125
Fair value of loans acquired	$	4,990


⁽¹⁾	Represents undiscounted expected principal and interest cash flows at acquisition.

The table below shows activity for the accretable yield on PCI loans, which includes the Countrywide Financial Corporation (Countrywide) portfolio and loans repurchased in connection with the FNMA Settlement. For more information on the FNMA Settlement, see Note 7 – Representations and Warranties Obligations and Corporate Guarantees. The amount of accretable yield is affected by changes in credit outlooks, including metrics such as default rates and loss severities, prepayments speeds, which can change the amount and period of time over which interest payments are expected to be received, and the interest rates on variable rate loans. The reclassifications from nonaccretable difference during 2013 were due to increases in expected cash flows driven by improved home prices and lower expected defaults, along with a decrease in forecasted prepayment speeds as a result of rising interest rates. Changes in the prepayment assumption affect the expected remaining life of the portfolio which results in a change to the amount of future interest cash flows.




Rollforward of Accretable Yield

(Dollars in millions)
Accretable yield, January 1, 2012	$	4,990
Accretion	(1,034		)
Disposals/transfers	(109		)
Reclassifications from nonaccretable difference	797
Accretable yield, December 31, 2012	4,644
Accretion	(1,194		)
Loans purchased	1,125
Disposals/transfers	(361		)
Reclassifications from nonaccretable difference	2,480
Accretable yield, December 31, 2013	$	6,694

For more information on PCI loans, see Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Principles, and for the carrying value and valuation allowance for PCI loans, see Note 5 – Allowance for Credit Losses.

Loans Held-for-sale

The Corporation had LHFS of $11.4 billion and $19.4 billion at December 31, 2013 and 2012. Proceeds, including cash and securities, from sales, securitizations and paydowns of LHFS were $81.0 billion, $58.0 billion and $142.4 billion for 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Amounts used for originations and purchases of LHFS were $65.7 billion, $59.5 billion and $118.2 billion for 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

BANK OF AMERICA CORP /DE/ | 2013 | FY |

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