Income tax expense consists of:
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2014
 
(in thousands)
Current:
 
 
 
 
 
Federal
$
10,262

 
$
11,322

 
$
(10,569
)
State and local
642

 
3,587

 
3,100

Foreign
494

 
738

 
174

Total current
11,398

 
15,647

 
(7,295
)
Deferred
 
 
 
 
 
Federal
26,955

 
56,431

 
63,577

State and local
3,148

 
5,221

 
8,804

Foreign
36

 
(8
)
 
(12
)
Total deferred
30,139

 
61,644

 
72,369

Total income tax expense
$
41,537

 
$
77,291

 
$
65,074